From owner-cse727-sp07-list@LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU Sat Apr 7 13:08:36 2007 Received: from ares.cse.buffalo.edu (ares.cse.Buffalo.EDU [128.205.32.79]) by castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU (8.13.6/8.12.10) with ESMTP id l37H8Zc7001310 for ; Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:08:36 -0400 (EDT) Received: from front1.acsu.buffalo.edu (coldfront.acsu.buffalo.edu [128.205.6.89]) by ares.cse.buffalo.edu (8.13.6/8.13.6) with SMTP id l37H8XrX058127 for ; Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:08:33 -0400 (EDT) Received: (qmail 14285 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2007 17:08:33 -0000 Received: from mailscan7.acsu.buffalo.edu (128.205.6.158) by front1.acsu.buffalo.edu with SMTP; 7 Apr 2007 17:08:33 -0000 Received: (qmail 14239 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2007 17:08:32 -0000 Received: from deliverance.acsu.buffalo.edu (128.205.7.57) by front1.acsu.buffalo.edu with SMTP; 7 Apr 2007 17:08:32 -0000 Received: (qmail 17726 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2007 17:08:23 -0000 Received: from listserv.buffalo.edu (128.205.7.35) by deliverance.acsu.buffalo.edu with SMTP; 7 Apr 2007 17:08:23 -0000 Received: by LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU (LISTSERV-TCP/IP release 14.5) with spool id 4459803 for CSE727-SP07-LIST@LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU; Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:08:23 -0400 Delivered-To: CSE727-SP07-LIST@LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU Received: (qmail 24500 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2007 17:08:23 -0000 Received: from mailscan5.acsu.buffalo.edu (128.205.6.137) by listserv.buffalo.edu with SMTP; 7 Apr 2007 17:08:23 -0000 Received: (qmail 5596 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2007 17:08:22 -0000 Received: from castor.cse.buffalo.edu (128.205.32.14) by smtp5.acsu.buffalo.edu with SMTP; 7 Apr 2007 17:08:22 -0000 Received: from castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU (rapaport@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU (8.13.6/8.12.10) with ESMTP id l37H8MBV001290 for ; Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:08:22 -0400 (EDT) Received: (from rapaport@localhost) by castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU (8.13.6/8.12.9/Submit) id l37H8MJL001289 for CSE727-SP07-LIST@LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU; Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:08:22 -0400 (EDT) X-UB-Relay: (castor.cse.buffalo.edu) X-PM-EL-Spam-Prob: : 7% Message-ID: <200704071708.l37H8MJL001289@castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU> Date: Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:08:22 -0400 Reply-To: "William J. Rapaport" Sender: "CVA Seminar, Spring 2007" From: "William J. Rapaport" Subject: Re: Sternberg 1987 To: CSE727-SP07-LIST@LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU Precedence: list List-Help: , List-Unsubscribe: List-Subscribe: List-Owner: List-Archive: X-UB-Relay: (castor.cse.buffalo.edu) X-DCC-Buffalo.EDU-Metrics: castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU 1336; Body=0 Fuz1=0 Fuz2=0 X-Spam-Status: No, score=-2.5 required=5.0 tests=AWL,BAYES_00 autolearn=ham version=3.1.7 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.1.7 (2006-10-05) on ares.cse.buffalo.edu X-Virus-Scanned: ClamAV 0.88.6/3036/Sat Apr 7 09:01:01 2007 on ares.cse.buffalo.edu X-Virus-Status: Clean Status: R Content-Length: 4106 Yana wrote: | ...for others intuition might also mean the skill that | is brought to automatic level applied succesfully in practice. You raise some interesting concerns over the two ways in which CVA can be done. It may be worth elaborting a bit on this, now that you're all deeply involved in your projects. We can distinguish between what I'll call "deliberate" CVA and "incidental" CVA. (I'll avoid Sternberg's term "intuition"). What most of you are working on, and what our project is generally concerned with, is deliberate CVA, namely, the conscious processing of contextual information to compute a meaning for a word. This is the task you do when you actively think about what a(n unknown) word might mean in a given textual context. By contrast, incidental CVA is the way most of us learn meanings for most words, and it's usually not (solely) from text but from oral/aural use of language. For instance, Tanya Christ, one of Kibby's Ph.D. students in the Department of Learning and Instruction, is doing a study of our elementary school students "pick up" (my term) meanings for words that they hear their teacher use. She's having the teachers purposefully use certain words, so that she can measure how well the students "get" meanings without explicit definitions and, importantly--for the contrast with deliberate CVA--without having them stop to analyze the situations in which they hear the words. There is a large body of literature on "implicit learning", the unconscious process of detecting patterns in various sensory streams. This literature overlaps both psychology and computer science. In the latter field, there are connectionist studies of learning that are clearly computational models of implicit learning, and there are formal studies of "inductive inference" that focus on what kinds of languages can be learned by such processes. Two interesting references on the latter are: Gold, E. Mark (1967), "Language Identification in the Limit", Information and Control 10: 447-474. http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/~rapaport/Papers/Papers.by.Others/gold67limit.pdf Nowak, Martin A.; Komarova, Natalia L.; & Niyogi, Partha (2002), "Computational and Evolutionary Aspects of Language", Nature 417 (6 June): 611-617. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v417/n6889/pdf/nature00771.pdf And John Case, a former UB CSE faculty member now at the University of Delaware, works in this area and has an interesting webpage on "Computational Learning Theory" (CoLT): http://www.cis.udel.edu/~case/colt.html Case, by the way, will be visiting UB this weekend for our 40th anniversary, giving a talk on 14 April on "Trends in Computability-Theoretic Learning Theory" http://aluminum.cse.buffalo.edu/40/html/caseAbs.html Our project of trying to convert our algorithms to a teachable curriculum is based on the fact that our algorithms can be "deliberately" applied, hence taught. You can't teach someone how to do unconscious or implicit inference! Curiously, however, Cassie--despite appearances--does *incidental* CVA, *not* deliberate* CVA! The reason is that she, herself, doesn't really compute meanings. Rather, she calls upon a Lisp program (the defun_noun or defun_verb algorithm) that "looks inside" her "mind" to see what definition she has implicitly represented there. That program then gives *us* the definition, but it doesn't give it to Cassie. She does not represent the definition, and, if asked a second time what the word means, she would have to have it recomputed! If Cassie were to compute a meaning for herself, rather than using this handy-dandy Lisp "meaning calculator" (just as one might add two numbers using pencil and paper rather than using a handy-dandy numerical calculator), she would have to perform various actions on her beliefs. That would require us to give her instructions on how to do this in our action language, SNeRE. And that's what Joe Salazar's seminar project is all about: Translating the Lisp functions into actions that Cassie can actually perform, so that she will, at long last, really be doing deliberate CVA! From owner-cse727-sp07-list@LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU Sat Apr 7 13:25:13 2007 Received: from ares.cse.buffalo.edu (ares.cse.Buffalo.EDU [128.205.32.79]) by castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU (8.13.6/8.12.10) with ESMTP id l37HPCtl002334 for ; Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:25:13 -0400 (EDT) Received: from front2.acsu.buffalo.edu (upfront.acsu.buffalo.edu [128.205.4.140]) by ares.cse.buffalo.edu (8.13.6/8.13.6) with SMTP id l37HPAn5059209 for ; Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:25:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: (qmail 13517 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2007 17:25:10 -0000 Received: from mailscan7.acsu.buffalo.edu (128.205.6.158) by front2.acsu.buffalo.edu with SMTP; 7 Apr 2007 17:25:10 -0000 Received: (qmail 17786 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2007 17:25:10 -0000 Received: from deliverance.acsu.buffalo.edu (128.205.7.57) by front1.acsu.buffalo.edu with SMTP; 7 Apr 2007 17:25:10 -0000 Received: (qmail 4664 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2007 17:25:04 -0000 Received: from listserv.buffalo.edu (128.205.7.35) by deliverance.acsu.buffalo.edu with SMTP; 7 Apr 2007 17:25:04 -0000 Received: by LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU (LISTSERV-TCP/IP release 14.5) with spool id 4460083 for CSE727-SP07-LIST@LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU; Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:25:04 -0400 Delivered-To: CSE727-SP07-LIST@LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU Received: (qmail 3597 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2007 17:25:03 -0000 Received: from mailscan1.acsu.buffalo.edu (128.205.6.133) by listserv.buffalo.edu with SMTP; 7 Apr 2007 17:25:03 -0000 Received: (qmail 23241 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2007 17:25:03 -0000 Received: from castor.cse.buffalo.edu (128.205.32.14) by smtp1.acsu.buffalo.edu with SMTP; 7 Apr 2007 17:25:03 -0000 Received: from castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU (rapaport@localhost [127.0.0.1]) by castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU (8.13.6/8.12.10) with ESMTP id l37HP3sf002324 for ; Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:25:03 -0400 (EDT) Received: (from rapaport@localhost) by castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU (8.13.6/8.12.9/Submit) id l37HP3vW002323 for CSE727-SP07-LIST@LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU; Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:25:03 -0400 (EDT) X-UB-Relay: (castor.cse.buffalo.edu) X-PM-EL-Spam-Prob: : 7% Message-ID: <200704071725.l37HP3vW002323@castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU> Date: Sat, 7 Apr 2007 13:25:03 -0400 Reply-To: "William J. Rapaport" Sender: "CVA Seminar, Spring 2007" From: "William J. Rapaport" Subject: Re: Sternberg 1987 To: CSE727-SP07-LIST@LISTSERV.BUFFALO.EDU Precedence: list List-Help: , List-Unsubscribe: List-Subscribe: List-Owner: List-Archive: X-UB-Relay: (castor.cse.buffalo.edu) X-DCC-Buffalo.EDU-Metrics: castor.cse.Buffalo.EDU 1336; Body=0 Fuz1=0 Fuz2=0 X-Spam-Status: No, score=-2.5 required=5.0 tests=AWL,BAYES_00 autolearn=unavailable version=3.1.7 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.1.7 (2006-10-05) on ares.cse.buffalo.edu X-Virus-Scanned: ClamAV 0.88.6/3036/Sat Apr 7 09:01:01 2007 on ares.cse.buffalo.edu X-Virus-Status: Clean Status: R Content-Length: 362 Oops; a typo: I said: | ... For instance, Tanya Christ, one of Kibby's Ph.D. | students in the Department of Learning and Instruction, is doing a study | of our elementary school students "pick up" (my term) meanings for words | that they hear their teacher use. I meant to say that she's "doing a study of HOW elementary school students pick up meanings"