r1
[...] pharmaceutical firms attempt to produce consistently potent and
reliable drugs from hemp.  By the 1930s at least two American companies --
Parke-Davis and Eli Lilly -- were selling standardized extracts of marijuana
for use as an analgesic, an antispasmodic and sedative.  Another
manufacturer, Grimault & Company, marketed marijuana cigarettes as a remedy
for asthma.

Marijuana As Medicine?: The Science Beyond the Controversy (2000), Institute
of Medicine.


2
The  drugs most commonly prescribed to treat the symptoms of Multiple
Sclerosis include baclofen (Lioresal) and tizanidine (Zanaflex) which
relieve both spasticity and muscle spasms but often only partially and
sometimes not at all.  Both are sedatives, so they cause drowsiness;
additional side effects include dry mouth and muscle weakness.  The latter
is especially problematic for people with Multiple Sclerosis, whose muscles
get weaker as the disease progresses.

Marijuana As Medicine?: The Science Beyond the Controversy (2000), Institute
of Medicine 


3
Participants in this test lie on an examining table with their legs
extending over the edge.  They let their legs fall, and a video camera
records the resulting motion, which is affected by muscle resistance. 
Computer analysis of the recording enables researchers to determine the
degree to which spasticity impeded each to distinguish this effect from any
actual decrease in spasticity produced by the drug.  Researchers could make
such a distinction by using the pendulum test to compare THC's effects with
those of other mild sedatives, such as benzodiazepines.

Marijuana As Medicine?:  The Science Beyond the Controversy (2000),
Institute of Medicine.


4
The number of heavy drug users, using at least once a week, is difficult to
determine.  It has been estimated that in 1993, there were 201 million heavy
cocaine users and 444,000-600,000 heavy heroin users (Rhodes et al., 1995). 
Although cocaine and heroin represent the major drugs of abuse for a large
proportion of individuals who seek treatment, most patients abuse more than
one drug.  In addition, others seek help for abuse of multiple drugs.  It
was estimated that in 1994, 306 million people in the U.S. had drug problems
severe enough to need drug treatment services (ONDCP, 1996).

Pathways of Addiction: Opportunities in Drug Abuse Research (1996),
Institute of Medicine


5
One of the key differences between traditional supply chains and highly
integrated supply chains is the degree of proximity between members and the
resulting differences in the efficiency of joint operations.  Geographic and
cultural proximity traditionally provided business advantages for SMEs, many
of whom served only local customers and had to compete only against other
local suppliers.  Globalization, electronic communications, and modern
shipping capabilities now enable suppliers from all over the world to
compete for local business.  Large suppliers can typically afford proximity
capabilities that SMEs cannot, including plant sited near their customers
and skills in dealing with different cultures.  To remain competitive, SMEs
may have to improve their organizational, cultural and geographic proximity
to serve an increasingly widespread customer base.
Organizational proximity can take several forms including membership in
joint project teams or the placement of employees in one another's
faculties.  Cultural proximity, which typically evolves over time, can be
achieved through the adoption of common business practices, jargon, ethical
standards, and language.  Cultural proximity is especially important for
doing business with customers from different countries and cultures.  The
dividends of cultural proximity can include repeat business, loyalty, and
assistance in problem solving during times of crisis.
Geographic proximity may involve locating supplier facilities adjacent to
OEM operations.  For example, long-term relations between beverage producers
and container manufacturers led container suppliers to locate their
fabrication plants adjacent to breweries.  Cans are drawn, finished, and
moved on conveyors through a common wall into the brewery where they are
filled, sealed, packed, and shipped, all without human contact.
Proximity in an international supply chain can require investments in metric
dimensioning, compliance with international standards, and participation in
international trade fairs, such as the one held annually in Hanover,
Germany.  Partnerships with foreign companies can be used by SMEs to obtain
cost-effective access to foreign markets and sources of supply.  Effective
international participation requires knowledge of the ways of doing business
in other countries and cultures.  International consultants can sometimes
fill these gaps, but management must be appropriately trained, especially
for face to face communications and negotiations.  

Surviving Supply Chain Integration: Strategies for Small Manufactures
(2000), Commission on Engineering and Technical System


6
Excessive sleepiness is associated with performance lapses and failures,
which can interfere with learning. It is also possible that lapses in
performance because of sleepiness play a role in injury rates of
adolescents. There is evidence that insufficient sleep is associated with
moodiness, irritability, and difficulty in modulating impulses and emotions.
An added risk arises from the tendency for sleepiness to increase the
sedative effects of alcohol. This effect may be particularly dangerous
for adolescents who are experimenting with alcohol and other risky
behaviors, as their sleepiness may increase their vulnerability.

Protecting youth at work: Health, safety, and development of working
children and adolescents in the United States (1998). Commission on
Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. National Academy Press.


7
The purpose of "sedatives" is to induce a calming and drowsy effect.
"Hypnotics" are intended to induce a satisfying sensation of going to sleep
promptly and sleeping soundly for some minimum duration. "Anxiolytics"
(minor tranquilizers or anti-anxiety drugs) are intended to induce a calming
effect similar to that of sedatives but without the sensation of
drowsiness. 
Sleeping Pills, Insomnia, and Medical Practice: Report of a Study (1979).
Institute of Medicine. National Academy Press.

"Flendoriate" Passages		CVA Think-Aloud Protocols