NOTE:

• (*) indicates a reading assignment. Remeber to submit a one-page (font size at least 10pt) summary for each assigned paper. The summaries are due on the first class of the following week.
• The assignments for future weeks shall be put up as we go along. Please make sure that you come back here often and read the assigned papers accordingly.
• (!) indicates a highly recommended reading, although not required.

• History and philosophy:
  • A brief history of the Internet
  • The Internet (from cybertelecom)
  • History and development of the Internet
  • Hobbes' Internet Timeline v8.0
  • Computer History Museum - Internet History
  • Turing Award Lecture by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn (requires Real Player)
• Design of the Internet, e2e argument and studies
  • V. Cerf and R. Kahn, A Protocol for Packet Network Interconnection. IEEE Transactions on Communications COM-22, pp. 637-641 , 1974.
  • H. Zimmermann, OSI Reference Model - The ISO Model of Architecture for Open Systems Interconnection, IEEE Transactions on Communications COM-28, No. 4, April 1980.
  • RFC 791: Internet Protocol: DARPA Internet Program Protocol Specification J. Postel, Sept. 1981
  • RFC 793: Internet Control Message Protocol, J. Postel, Sept. 1981
  • OSI Reference Model
  • J. Saltzer, D. Reed, and D. Clark, End-to-end Arguments in System Design. ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS), Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 195-206, 1984.
  • (*) D. Clark, Design Philosophy of the DARPA Internet Protocols, In Proc. SIGCOMM '88.
  • (*) D. Clark and D. Tennenhouse, Architectural Consideration for a New Generation of Protocols, In Proc. ACM SIGCOMM '90 (Philadelphia, PA, September 1990).
  • RFC 1180: A TCP/IP Tutorial, T. Socolofsky and C. Kale, Jan., 1991
  • RFC 1519: Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR): An Address Assignment and Aggregation Strategy, V. Fuller, T. Li, J. Yu and K. Varadhan Sep., 1993
  • (*) J.-C. Bolot, End-to-End Packet Delay and Loss Behavior in the Internet. In Proceedings of SIGCOMM '93 (San Francisco, CA, August, 1993).
  • RFC 1884: IP Version 6: Addressing Architecture, R.Hinden, S. Deering, Dec., 1995
  • RFC 2463: Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6), A. Conta and S. Deering, Dec., 1998
  • Chuck Semeria, Understanding IP Addressing: Everything You Ever Wanted To Know,: Part 1 (pp 1-21) | Part 2 (pp 22-43) | Part 3 (pp 44-65)

• No class on Mon, Sep 05: Labor Day.
• Sep 09: Each team registers for 1 or 2 research topics, i.e. talk to me!
• Rethinking the design of the Internet
  • S. Shenker, Fundamental Design Issues for the Future Internet, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 13, No. 7, pp. 1176-1188, September 1995.
  • D. Isenberg, Computer Telephony, The Rise of the Stupid Network, August 1997, pg 16-26.
  • A. M. Odlyzko, Smart and stupid networks: Why the Internet is like Microsoft, ACM netWorker, 2(5) (Dec. 1998), pp. 38-46.
  • David P. Reed, Jerome H. Saltzer, and David D. Clark, Active Networking and End-To-End Arguments, Proc. ICNP `97, Atlanta, GA, Oct. 1997.
  • David Reed, The end of end-to-end arguments, Reed's Locus, Apr 2000.
  • (*) M. Blumenthal and D. Clark, Rethinking the design of the Internet: The end to end arguments vs. the brave new world, ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, 1(1), August 2001.
  • (*) Pablo Molinero-Fernadez, Nick McKeown, Hui Zhang, Is IP going to take over the world?, ACM HotNets 2002.
  • Tim Moors, A critical review of End-to-end arguments in system design, ICC 2002.
  • Pablo Molinero-Fernández, Nick McKeown, TCP switching: Exposing Circuits to IP, IEEE Micro, Vol. 22, No. 1, Jan/Feb 2002
  • R. Bush and D. Meyer, Some Internet Architectural Guidelines and Philosophy (RFC 3439), 2002.
  • (*) David D. Clark, John Wroclawski, Karen Sollins and Robert Braden, Tussle in Cyberspace: Defining Tomorrow's Internet, SIGCOMM 2002
  • (*) Clark, D., Sollins, K., Wroclawski, J., and Faber, T., Addressing Reality: An Architectural Response to Real-World Demands on the Evolving Internet, ACM SIGCOMM FDNA Workshop, Karlsruhe, August 2003.
  • (!) A. M. Odlyzko, Data networks are lightly utilized, and will stay that way, Review of Network Economics, 2 (no. 3), September 2003, pp. 210-237
  • Jon Crowcroft, Steven Hand, Richard Mortier, Timothy Roscoe, Andrew Warfield, Plutarch: An Argument for Network Pluralism,Computer Communication Review (ACM SIGCOMM), Volume 33, Jan 2003.
  • Kevin Fall, A Delay-Tolerant Network Architecture for Challenged Internets, Proc. SIGCOMM 2003, Aug. 2003
  • Antonio Carzaniga and Alexander Wolf, Forwarding in a Content-Based Network. SIGCOMM 2003.
  • D. Clark et al, A Knowledge Plane for the Internet. SIGCOMM 2003
  • D. Oppenheimer, A. Ganapathi, and D. A. Patterson, Why do Internet services fail, and what can be done about it?, Proc. USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems, 2003.
  • Pablo Molinero-Fernández, Nick McKeown, The performance of circuit switching in the Internet, OSA Journal of Optical Networking, Vol. 2, No. 4, March 2003
  • J. Mogul and L. Brakmo and D. Lowell and D. Subhraveti and J. Moore, Unveiling the Transport, HotNets-II, Nov. 2003.
  • Workshop on Future Directions in Network Architectures
  • (!) J Crowcroft, T Uzuner, A Warfield, Zen and the art of networking research.
  • (!) Andrew Odlyzko: Complete publications list
• Some research projects
  • NewArch (ISI/MIT's DARPA project)
  • Triad (Stanford)

• IETF Routing Area
• Intra-domain routing protocols
  • RFC 1058: Routing Information Protocol, C.L. Hendrick., June 1988
  • RFC 2178: OSPF Version 2 J. Moy., July 1997
  • OSPF Version 2 (RFC 2328)
  • Enhanced IGRP, Cisco Systems Inc, 1997
• Inter-domain routing protocols
  • Inter-Domain Routing (idr) Working Group
  • RFC 1771: A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4), Y. Rekhter and T. Li, Mar., 1995
  • RFC 1772: Application of the Border Gateway Protocol in the Internet, Y. Rekhter and T. Li, Mar., 1995 D.C.
  • Using BGP for Inter-domain routing (Cisco)
  • (!) Tim Griffin's Inter-domain routing links
• A. Khanna and J. Zinky, A Revised ARPANET Routing Metric, ACM SIGCOMM 1989.
• (*) T. Griffin and G. Wilfong. An Analysis of BGP Convergence Properties. ACM SIGCOMM 1999.
• (*) Craig Labovitz, Abha Ahuja, Abhijit Bose and Farnam Jahanian, Delayed Internet Routing Convergence, by Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, Stockholm, Sweden, August 2000.
• (*) Aman Shaikh, Lampros Kalampoukas, Rohit Dube, and Anujan Varma, Routing Stability in Congested Networks: Experimentation and Analysis, ACM SIGCOMM 2000.
• Timothy G. Griffin and Gordon Wilfong, A Safe Path Vector Protocol, INFOCOM 2000.
• Lixin Gao and Jennifer Rexford, Stable Internet routing without global coordination, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 2001. (Earlier version appeared SIGMETRICS 2000).
• (*) David G. Andersen, Hari Balakrishnan, M. Frans Kaashoek, Robert Morris, Resilient Overlay Networks, SOSP 2001. [See their project page]
• A Basu, CHL Ong, A Rasala, FB Shepherd, G Wilfong, Route oscillations in I-BGP with route reflection, SIGCOMM 2002.
• Ratul Mahajan, David Wetherall, Tom Anderson, Understanding BGP Misconfiguration, SIGCOMM 2002.
• S. Iyer and S. Bhattacharyya and N. Taft and N. McKeown and C. Diot, An Approach to Alleviate Link Overload as Observed on an IP Backbone, INFOCOM 2003.
• Nick Feamster, Hari Balakrishnan, Jennifer Rexford, Aman Shaikh, Kobus van der Merwe, "The Case for Separating Routing from Routers", FDNA 2004.
• J Feigenbaum, C Papadimitriou, R Sami, S Shenker, A BGP-based mechanism for lowest-cost routing, Distributed Computing, 2005.
• L. Subramanian, M. Caesar, C. Tien Ee, M. Handley, M. Mao, S. Shenker, I. Stoica, “HLP: A Next Generation Interdomain Routing Protocol,” SIGCOMM’05.

• Mapping the Internet, Topology Inference
  • (*) Lixin Gao, On Inferring Autonomous System Relationships in the Internet, Proceedings of IEEE GLOBECOM, San Francisco, CA, November 2000.
  • William B. Norton, Internet Service Providers and Peering Draft paper, last modified (05/30/2001)
  • (*) Lakshminarayanan Subramanian, Sharad Agarwal, Jennifer Rexford, and Randy H. Katz, Characterizing the Internet hierarchy from multiple vantage points, in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, June 2002. [ .pdf ] [ see also their research page ]
  • Neil Spring, Ratul Mahajan, David Wetherall, Measuring ISP Topologies with Rocketfuel, ACM SIGCOM 2002.
  • (!) Thomas Erlebach, Alexander Hall and Thomas Schank, Classifying Customer-Provider Relationships in the Internet, CCN 2002. [ .pdf ]
  • David G. Andersen, Nick Feamster, Steve Bauer, and Hari Balakrishnan, Topology Inference from BGP Routing Dynamic, 2nd SIGCOMM Internet Measurement Workshop, Marseille, France, November 2002.
  • (*) G. Di Battista and M. Patrignani and M. Pizzonia, Computing the Types of the Relationships between Autonomous Systems, in INFOCOM 2003. [ .pdf ] [ see also their research page ]
  • (*) Z. M. Mao, J. Rexford, J. Wang, and R. H. Katz, "Towards an Accurate AS-Level Traceroute Tool," Proceeding of ACM SIGCOMM, August 2003. [ .pdf ]
  • J Xia, L Gao, On the evaluation of AS relationship inferences, GLOBECOM 2004 [ .pdf ]
  • ZM Mao, L Qiu, J Wang, Y Zhang, On AS-Level Path Inference, SIGMETRICS 2005 [ .ps ]
• Internet Topology Projects, Routing Tables, and Related Links
  • Rocketfuel: An ISP Topology Mapping Engine (U. Washington)
  • Internet Mapping Project
  • (!) Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis (CAIDA)
  • The Opte Project
  • GeoBytes.com (you can find the geographic location of an IP)
  • Atlas of CyberSpace
  • Information Navigators
  • American Registry for Internet Numbers (has info on who administer which ASs, but often outdated)
  • Internet Routing Registry
  • Routing Tables: (!) University of Oregon Route Views Project | Routing Tables from PCH | (!) Looking Glass Sites (Nanog)
  • InterNIC Whois | ARIN Whois | Routing Assets Database (RADB

• Some entries from Wikipedia
  • Exponential Distribution
  • Poisson Process
  • Discrete Time Markov Chains
• Charles Grinstead and J. Laurie Snell, Introduction to Probability Theory, AMS, freely available under GPL.

• Oct 03: Research proposal due (5 pages max). Remember to make a website for your research project. Give links to 2, 3 representative papers on the subject you intend to study.
• Online Queueing Theory Books. I recommend the following
  • Basic Elements of Queueing Theory: Applications to the Modelling of Computer Systems. 1998. Lecture notes by Philippe Nain. INRIA. France. 110 pp.
  • Reversibility and Stochastic Networks, by F. P. Kelly. 1979. A classic text. 235 pp.
  • A Short Introduction to Queueing Theory, by Andreas WILLIG. 1999. 41 pp.
  • Modeling and Performance Evaluation Course Notes, by Vishal Misra. 2005.

• A Primer on NP-Completeness
• 'An introduction to linear programming
• An introduction to approximation algorithms

• Oct 21: Proposal review report due.
• Current security architecture
  • Internet Firewall Tutorial, A White Paper by Rob Pickering
  • Introduction to SSL
  • Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol (RFC 2401)
    
  • Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) (RFC 2408)
    
  • The Internet Key Exchange (IKE) (RFC 2409)
    
  • Cisco IPsec VPN Tutorial (Presentation)
  • IETF IPsec Working Group.
  • CERT Coordination Center homepage
  • Firewall Gateways, Chapter 3 of Firewalls and Internet Security: Repelling the Wily Hacker, Cheswick and Bellovin.
  • Pretty Good Privacy
  • PGP Timeline
  • Crypto History
  • Why do you need PGP?
  • IP Security Charter
  • IP Authentication using Keyed MD5 (RFC 1828)
  • IP Authentication Header (RFC 2402)
  • Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol (RFC 2401)
  • Open SSL (for SSL and TSL implementations and related issues)
  • Apache SSL
  • Kerberos: The network authentication protocol
• Generic view of computer/internet security
  • Overview of Attack Trends by CERT
  • A Taxonomy of Computer and Network Attacks, Chapter 6 in John Howard Ph.D Thesis “An Analysis of Security Incidents on the Internet 1989-1995
  • Carl E. Landweher, et al, A taxonomy of computer program security flaws, ACM Computing Surveys, Vol 26, Issue 3, Sept 1994.
  • Crispin Cowan, Calton Pu, and Heather Hinton, Death, Taxes, and Imperfect Software: Surviving the Inevitable, Presented at the New Security Paradigms Workshop 1998.
  • Crispin Cowan and Calton Pu, Survivability From a Sow's Ear: The Retrofit Security Requirement, Presented at the 2nd Information Survivability Workshop, 1998.
  • Yegneswaran, Vinod; Barford, Paul; Ullrich, Johannes, Internet Intrusions: Global Characteristics and Prevalence, In Proceedings of ACM SIGMETRICS, June, 2003.
  • Readings in Virus and Worms: a collection of research papers by Wenke Lee
• DoS and DDoS
  • (!) Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks/tools
  • (!) Results of the [CERT sponsored] Distributed-Systems Intruder Tools Workshop [PDF version]
  • Kihong Park, Heejo Lee (Purdue University). "On the Effectiveness of Route-Based Packet Filtering for Distributed DoS Attack Prevention in Power-Law Internets," SIGCOMM 2001.
  • Ratul Mahajan, Steven M. Bellovin, Sally Floyd, John Ioannidis, Vern Paxson, Scott Shenker, Controlling High Bandwidth Aggregates in the Network, SIGCOMM 2001.
  • J. Mirkovic, G. Prier and P. Reiher, Attacking DDoS at the Source, ICNP 2002.
  • Jaeyeon Jung, Balachander Krishnamurthy, and Michael Rabinovich., Flash Crowds and Denial of Service Attacks: Characterization and Implications for CDNs and Web Sites, WWW 2002
  • J. Ioannidis and S. Bellovin. "Implementing Pushback: Router-Based Defense Against DDoS Attacks," Proceedings of Network and Distributed System Security Symposium, February 2002.
  • D. Keromytis, V. Misra, D., Runbenstein, SOS: Secure Overlay Services, ACM SIGCOMM 2002
  • Avi Yaar, Adrian Perrig, and Dawn Song. Pi: A Path Identification Mechanism to Defend against DDoS Attacks, IEEE SSP 2003
  • (*) Cheng Jin, Caltech, Haining Wang and Kang Shin, Hop-Count Filtering: An Effective Defense Against Spoofed DDoS Traffic, ACM CCS 2003.
  • Aleksandar Kuzmanovic and Edward W. Knightly. "Low-Rate TCP-Targeted Denial of Service Attacks (The Shrew vs. the Mice and Elephants)," SIGCOMM 2003
  • (*) J. Mirkovic, J. Martin, P. Reiher. "A Taxonomy of DDoS Attacks and DDoS Defense Mechanisms," Sigcomm 2004.
• TCP/IP fingerprinting
  • (*) Matthew Smart, G. Robert Malan, and Farnam Jahanian, Defeating TCP/IP Stack Fingerprinting, USENIX Security Symposium, 2000
  • Robert Beverly, A Robust Classifier for Passive TCP/IP fingerprinting, Proceedings of the 5th Passive and Active Measurement Workshop (PAM 2004).

• Oct 24: term project progress presentations (15 minutes each - be very brief!). Progress reports are due.
• Please come to class 20 minutes before 4pm.
• Schedule:
  • Monday (Oct 24): group 3 (Nguyen, Ha, Tran), group 2 (Varanasi), group 6 (Arunachalam, Modi, Balachandran)
  • Wednesday (Oct 26): group 8 (Baig, Dogra), group 4 (Yang, He)
  • Friday (Oct 28): group 1 (Chakraborty), group 7 (Kodukula) group 5 (Patil, Phatak, Sivadasan),
• Worms
  • David Moore, Colleen Shannon, Geoffrey Voelker, Stefan Savage, Internet Quarantine: Req uirements for Containing Self-Propagating Codes, INFOCOM 2003.
  • A Taxonomy of Computer Worms by N. Weaver, V. Paxson, S. Staniford and R. Cunningham at WORM workshop
  • How to 0wn the Internet in Your Spare Time, by Stuart Staniford, Vern Paxson, Nicholas Weaver
  • Peter Reiher, Jun Li, and Geoff Kuenning. " Midgard Worms: Sudden Nasty Surprises from a Large Resilient Zombie Army", UCLA Computer Science Department Technical Report UCLA-CSD-040019, April, 2004.
  • Brent N. Chun, Jason Lee and Hakim Weatherspoon. " Netbait: A Distributed Worm Detection Service" Intel Research Berk eley Technical Report IRB-TR-03-033, September 2003..
  • Cliff C. Zou, Nick Duffield, Don Towsley, and Weibo Gong. Adaptive Defense Against Various Network Attacks,
  • Adaptive Detection Of Worms/viruses In Firewalls, by InSeon Yoo and Ulr ich Ultes-Nitsche.
  • The worm blog

• Buffer overflow (the bug)
  • D. Wagner, J. Foster, E. Brewer, and A. Aiken, A First Step Towards Automated Detection of Buffer Overrun Vulnerabilities, NDSS 2000.
  • Sandeep Grover, Buffer Overflow Attacks and Their Countermeasures, Monday, March 10, 2003 by Linux Journal Article
  • Crispin Cowan, Perry Wagle, Calton Pu, Steve Beattie, and Jonathan Walpole, Buffer Overflows: Attacks and Defenses for the Vulnerability of the Decade, Appeared at the DARPA Information Survivability Conference and Expo (DISCEX)
  • BADCODED contains a bunch of interesting articles and papers on buffer overflow and other exploits, and protection techniques, etc.

• IP Spoofing, IP Traceback
  • (!) ICMP Traceback Messages, draft-bellovin-itrace-00.txt, 2000
  • (!) Stefan Savage, David Wetherall, Anna Karlin, Tom Anderson (University of Washington). "Practical Network Support For IP Traceback ," SIGCOMM 2000.
  • (*) Alex C. Snoeren (MIT), Craig Partridge, Luis A. Sanchez, Christine E. Jones, Fabrice Tchakountio, Stephen T. Kent, W. Timothy Strayer (BBN Technologies). "Hash-Based IP Traceback," SIGCOMM 2001.
  • Jun Li, Jelena Mirkovic, Mengqiu Wang, Peter Reiher, Lixia Zhang. "SAVE: Source Address Validity Enforcement Protocol," INFOCOM 2002.
  • A Belenky, N Ansari, IP traceback with deterministic packet marking, IEEE Communications Letters, 2003
  • H Aljifri, IP traceback: A new denial-of-service deterrent?, IEEE Security & Privacy Magazine
  • (!) Micah Adler, Tradeoffs in Probabilistic Packet Marking for IP Traceback, STOC 2002. [Also: In Journal of the ACM, Volume 52 , Issue 2 (March 2005). Pages: 217 - 244.]
  • (*) J Li, M Sung, J Xu, L Li, Q Zhao, Large-Scale IP Traceback in High-Speed Internet: Practical Techniques and Theoretical Foundation, Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, 2004
  • (!) Micah Adler, Jeff Edmonds, and Jiri Matousek, Towards Asymptotic Optimality in Probabilistic Packet Marking, STOC 200

• No class this week: Thanksgiving!

• (*) Pappu, et al. "Physical One-Way Functions." Science. Volume 297, September 2002. Pp. 2026-2030.
• (*) Kuhn, Markus. "Optical Time-Domain Eavesdropping Risks of CRT Displays." Proceedings 2002 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, 12–15 May 2002, Berkeley, California. Pp. 3–18. See also the paper's FAQ and some news coverage (BBC, New Scientist, ...)

• Friday is the last day of classes
• Term project presentations all week. We will spend 4 nights in Bell 242. Two hours each night - two group presentations of one hour for each group.
• Make sure that your presentation lasts for 45 minutes, leaving at minutes for questions.

• Dec 12: term project reports due, research review reports due. These are hard deadlines! I'm going out of town on Dec 14.