a) Mary gave Michael an ice-cream cone.
b) Basketball players are tall.
c) Robert cut down the tree with an axe.
d) All the ingredients are in a bowl and mixed thoroughly.
| English | example | logic | SNePS | example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| x is a Y | John is a computer scientist | Y(x) or: x \epsilon Y |
M
/ \
/ \
member class
/ \
/ \
| |
V V
x Y
|
M
/ \
/ \
member class
/ \
/ \
| |
V V
John computer
scientist |
| x is Y | John is rich | Y(x) |
M
/ \
/ \
object property
/ \
/ \
| |
V V
x Y |
M
/ \
/ \
object property
/ \
/ \
| |
V V
John rich |
| x stands in the relation R to y | John is taller than Ann | R(x,y) |
M
/|\
/ | \
/ | \
arg1 rel arg2
/ | \
/ | \
| | |
V V V
x R y |
M
/|\
/ | \
/ | \
arg1 rel arg2
/ | \
/ | \
| | |
V V V
John taller Ann
than |
| (This generalizes to:) | R(t1,...,tn) |
M
/|\
/ | \
/ | \
/ | \
rel arg1..argn
/ | \
/ | .. \
| | |
V V V
R t1 .. tn | ||
| All As are Bs | All dogs are animals | \forall x [A(x) => B(x)] |
M
/| \
/ | \
/ | \
/ | \
ant | cq
/ | \
/ | \
| forall |
V | V
P1 | P2
/\ | /\
/ \ | / \
/ \ | / \
class member | member class
/ \ | / \
/ \ | / \
/ \ | / \
/ \|/ \
| | |
V V V
A x B
[dog] [animal]
|
Here's an extended example, with 2 corresponding, but slightly different, SNePS networks (one with ``default'' arc labels, as above, and one with more descriptive arc labels):
John bought a book from Mary
M1----time--->past
/ \
/ | \
/ / \ \
/ | | \
/ / \ \
/ | | \
/ / \ \
rel arg1 arg2 arg3
/ / \ \
/ | | \
/ / \ \
/ | | \
/ / \ \
| | | |
V V V V
buy John B1 Mary
^
|
|
member
|
|
M2---class--->book
M2----time--->past
/ \
/ | \
/ / \ \
/ | | \
/ / \ \
/ | | \
/ / \ \
act agent object from
/ / \ \
/ | | \
/ / \ \
/ | | \
/ / \ \
| | | |
V V V V
buy John B1 Mary
^
|
|
member
|
|
M2---class--->book
Now, translate each of the sentences from the previous question into SNePS. Be sure to give your syntax and semantics.
| DUE: AT THE START OF LECTURE: WEDNESDAY, MAY 1 |