CS663: Advanced Topics in Knowledge Representation Fall, 2002

Reading List

Stuart C. Shapiro
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
State University of New York at Buffalo


  1. Stuart C. Shapiro and William J. Rapaport, The SNePS Family. Computers &Mathematics with Applications 23, 2-5 (January-March, 1992), 243-275. Reprinted in F. Lehmann, Ed. Semantic Networks in Artificial Intelligence. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1992, 243-275. (pdf version. Both versions are missing some figures.)

  2. S. C. Shapiro and W. J. Rapaport. SNePS considered as a fully intensional propositional semantic network. In N. Cercone and G. McCalla, editors, The Knowledge Frontier, pages 263-315. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1987.

  3. S. C. Shapiro. The CASSIE projects: An approach to natural language competence. In Proceedings of the 4th Portugese Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 362-380, Lisbon, Portugal, 1989. Springer-Verlag.

  4. Stuart C. Shapiro, SNePS: A Logic for Natural Language Understanding and Commonsense Reasoning. In Lucja M. Iwanska & Stuart C. Shapiro, Eds., Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Representation: Language for Knowledge and Knowledge for Language, AAAI Press/The MIT Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2000, 175-195.

  5. Stuart C. Shapiro, Propositional, First-Order And Higher-Order Logics: Basic Definitions, Rules of Inference, and Examples. In Lucja M. Iwanska & Stuart C. Shapiro, Eds., Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Representation: Language for Knowledge and Knowledge for Language, AAAI Press/The MIT Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2000, 379-395. (pdf version)

  6. Stuart C. Shapiro, Cables, Paths and "Subconscious" Reasoning in Propositional Semantic Networks. In J. Sowa, Ed. Principles of Semantic Networks: Explorations in the Representation of Knowledge. Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1991, 137-156.

  7. Stuart C. Shapiro, Belief spaces as sets of propositions. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 5, 2&3 (April-September 1993), 225-235.

  8. Stuart C. Shapiro, SNePS: A Logic for Natural Language Understanding and Commonsense Reasoning. In Lucja M. Iwanska & Stuart C. Shapiro, Eds., Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Representation: Language for Knowledge and Knowledge for Language, AAAI Press/The MIT Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2000, 175-195.

  9. Stuart C. Shapiro, Symmetric relations, intensional individuals, and variable binding. Proceedings of the IEEE 74, 10 (October 1986), 1354-1363.

  10. Martins, João P. (2002), Section on SNePS from draft of forthcoming knowledge representation text

  11. Stuart C. Shapiro. Relevance logic in computer science. Section 83 of Alan Ross Anderson and Nuel D. Belnap, Jr. and J. Michael Dunn et al. Entailment, Volume II, pages 553-563. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1992.

  12. Stuart C. Shapiro, Embodied Cassie, Cognitive Robotics: Papers from the 1998 AAAI Fall Symposium, Technical Report FS-98-02, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 1998, 136-143.

  13. Stuart C. Shapiro. Generalized augmented transition network grammars for generation from semantic networks. The American Journal of Computational Linguistics, 8(1):12-25, 1982.

  14. P. Brézillon Modeling and using context: Past, present and future.

  15. W. A. Woods, Conceptual Indexing: A Better Way to Organize Knowledge , SML TR-97-61, SUN Microsystems Laboratories, April, 1997.


Stuart C. Shapiro <shapiro@cse.buffalo.edu