UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK
The Department of Computer Science & Engineering

STUART C. SHAPIRO : ON-LINE PUBLICATIONS

See also The SNePS Research Group Bibliography

1969


• S. C. Shapiro and G. H. Woodmansee, A net structure based relational question answerer: description and examples. Proceedings of the First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-69), Morgan Kaufmann, Inc., Los Altos, CA, 1969, 325-346.

  1970
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, The list set generator: a construct for evaluating set expressions. Communications of the ACM 13, 12 (1970), 741-744.

  1971
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, A net structure for semantic information storage, deduction and retrieval. In Proceedings of the Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-71), Morgan Kaufmann, Inc., Los Altos, CA, 1971, 512-523.

  1974
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Douglas P. Witmer, Interactive visual simulators for beginning programming students. Fourth Symposium on Computer Science Education, SIGCSE Bulletin 6, 1 (February 1974), 11-14.

  1975
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Stanley C. Kwasny, Interactive consulting via natural language. Communications of the ACM 18, 8 (1975), 459-462.

  1976
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Mitchell Wand. The relevance of relevance. Technical Report 46, Computer Science Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 1976.

  1977
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Representing and Locating Deduction Rules in a Semantic Network, ACM SIGART Bulletin, 63,, June 1977, 14-18.

• Stuart C. Shapiro. Representing numbers in semantic networks: prolegomena. In Proceedings of the 5th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-77), Morgan Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA, 1977, page 284.

  1978
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Path-based and node-based inference in semantic networks. In D. Waltz, editor, Tinlap-2: Theoretical Issues in Natural Languages Processing, pages 219-225, New York, 1978. ACM.

  1979
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro. Generalized augmented transition network grammars for generation from semantic networks. In Proceedings of the 17th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 25-29. University of California at San Diego, 1979.

• Stuart C. Shapiro. Numerical quantifiers and their use in reasoning with negative information. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Morgan Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA, 1979, 791-796.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, A SCRABBLE crossword game playing program. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Morgan Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA, 1979, 797-799.

• Stuart C. Shapiro. Using non-standard connectives and quantifiers for representing deduction rules in a semantic network. Invited paper presented at Current Aspects of AI Research, a seminar held at the Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tokyo, 1979.

  1980
  

• D. P. McKay and S. C. Shapiro. MULTI: A LISP based multiprocessing system. In Proceedings of the 1980 ACM Conference on LISP and Functional Programming, pages 29-37. Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 1980.

• S. C. Shapiro and D. P. McKay. Inference with recursive rules. In Proceedings of the First Annual National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 151-153, Los Altos, CA, 1980. Morgan Kaufmann.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Review of S. Fahlman, NETL: A System for Representing and Using Real-World Knowledge. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1979. American Journal of Computational Linguistics 6, 3 (July-December 1980), 183-186.

  1981
  

• J. P. Martins and S. C. Shapiro. A belief revision system based on relevance logic and heterarchical contexts. Technical Report 175, Department of Computer Science, University at Buffalo, 1981.

• D. P. McKay and S. C. Shapiro. Using active connection graphs for reasoning with recursive rules. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 368-374, Los Altos, CA, 1981. Morgan Kaufmann.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Donald P. McKay, João Martins, and Ernesto Morgado. SNePSLOG: A ``higher order'' logic programming language. SNeRG Technical Note 8, Department of Computer Science, University at Buffalo, 1981. Presented at the Workshop on Logic Programming for Intelligent Systems, R.M.S. Queen Mary, Long Beach, CA.

  1982
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Generalized augmented transition network grammars for generation from semantic networks. American Journal of Computational Linguistics 8, 1 (January-March 1982), 12-25.

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Jeannette G. Neal. A knowledge engineering approach to natural language understanding. In Proceedings of the 20th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 136-144, Menlo Park, CA, 1982. ACL.

• Anthony S. Maida and Stuart C. Shapiro, Intensional concepts in propositional semantic networks. Cognitive Science, 6(4):291-330, 1982. Reprinted in R. J. Brachman and H. J. Levesque, eds. Readings in Knowledge Representation, Morgan Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA, 1985, 170-189.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, João Martins, and Donald McKay, Bi-directional inference, Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, the Program in Cognitive Science of The University of Chicago and The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 1982, 90-93.

  1983
  

• João P. Martins and Stuart C. Shapiro. Reasoning in multiple belief spaces. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-83), pages 370-373, Los Altos, CA, 1983. Morgan Kaufmann.

  1984
  

• William J. Rapaport and Stuart C. Shapiro. Quasi-indexical reference in propositional semantic networks. In Proceedings of Coling-84, pages 65-70. The Association for Computational Linguistics, 1984.

  1986
  

• J. P. Martins and S. C. Shapiro. Hypothetical reasoning. In Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Engineering Problems: Proceedings of The 1st International Conference, pages 1029-1042, Berlin, 1986. Springer-Verlag.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Symmetric relations, intensional individuals, and variable binding. Proceedings of the IEEE 74, 10 (October 1986), 1354-1363.

  1987
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro and William J. Rapaport, SNePS considered as a fully intensional propositional semantic network. In N. Cercone and G. McCalla, editors, The Knowledge Frontier, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1987, 263-315.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Processing, bottom-up and top-down. In S. C. Shapiro, Ed. Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1987, 779-785.

• S. L. Peters and S. C. Shapiro. A representation for natural category systems. In Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, pages 379-390. Lawrence Erlbaum Publishers, 1987.

• S. L. Peters and S. C. Shapiro. A representation for natural category systems. In Proceedings of the Tenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 140-146, Los Altos, CA, 1987. Morgan Kaufmann.

  1988
  

• João P. Martins and Stuart C. Shapiro. A model for belief revision. Artificial Intelligence, 35(1):25-79, 1988.

• S. L. Peters, S. C. Shapiro, and W. J. Rapaport. Flexible natural language processing and Roschian category theory. In Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, pages 125-131. Lawrence Erlbaum Publishers, 1988.

• Stuart C. Shapiro. Representing plans and acts. In Proceedings of the Third Annual Workshop on Conceptual Graphs, pages 3.2.7-1 - 3.2.7-6. The American Association for Artificial Intelligence, Menlo Park, CA, 1988.

• Deepak Kumar, Syed Ali, and Stuart C. Shapiro. Discussing, using and recognizing plans in SNePS preliminary report--SNACTor: An acting system. In P V S Rao and P Sadanandan, editors, Modern Trends in Information Technology: Proceedings of the Seventh Biennial Convention of South East Asia Regional Computer Confederation, pages 177-182. Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, India, 1988.

  1989
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro The CASSIE Projects: An Approach to Natural Language Competence, in J. P. Martins & E. M. Morgado, eds. EPIA 89: 4th Portugese Conference on Artificial Intelligence Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 390. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1989, 362-380. (ps version)

• W. J. Rapaport, E. M. Segal, S. C. Shapiro, D. A. Zubin, G. A. Bruder, J. F. Duchan, M. J. Almeida, J. H. Daniels, M. Galbraith, J. M. Wiebe, and A. H. Yuhan. Deictic centers and the cognitive structure of narrative comprehension. Technical Report 89-01, Department of Computer Science, University at Buffalo, 1989.

  1991
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Cables, Paths and "Subconscious" Reasoning in Propositional Semantic Networks. In J. Sowa, Ed. Principles of Semantic Networks: Explorations in the Representation of Knowledge. Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1991, 137-156.

• Joongmin Choi and Stuart C. Shapiro. Experience-based deductive learning. In Third International Conference on Tools for Artificial Intelligence TAI '91, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, 1991, 502-503.

• Jeannette G. Neal and Stuart C. Shapiro. Intelligent multi-media interface technology. In Joseph W. Sullivan and Sherman W. Tyler, editors, Intelligent User Interfaces, pages 11-43. Addison Wesley, Reading, MA, 1991.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Case Studies of SNePS, ACM SIGART Bulletin, 2, 3, June 1991, 128-134.

• Deepak Kumar and Stuart C. Shapiro, Architecture of an Intelligent Agent in SNePS, ACM SIGART Bulletin, 2, 4, July 1991, 89-92.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Hans Chalupsky, and Hsueh-Cheng Chou, Connecting ARC/INFO and SNACTor, Technical Report 91-13, Department of Computer Science, SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, July 1991.

  1992
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Artificial Intelligence. In S. C. Shapiro, Ed. Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence, Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1992, 54-57. (ps version

• Stuart C. Shapiro and William J. Rapaport, The SNePS Family. Computers & Mathematics with Applications 23, 2-5 (January-March, 1992), 243-275. Reprinted in F. Lehmann, Ed. Semantic Networks in Artificial Intelligence. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1992, 243-275. (ps version. Both versions are missing some figures.)

• Stuart C. Shapiro. Relevance logic in computer science. Section 83 of Alan Ross Anderson and Nuel D. Belnap, Jr. and J. Michael Dunn et al. Entailment, Volume II, pages 553-563. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1992. (ps version)

• Joongmin Choi and Stuart C. Shapiro. Efficient implementation of non-standard connectives and quantifiers in deductive reasoning systems. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, pages 381-390. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, 1992.

• Deepak Kumar & Stuart C. Shapiro, Deductive efficiency + belief revision: how they affect an ontology of actions and acting. In Working Notes of the AAAI 1992 Spring Symposium on Propositional Knowledge Representation, AAAI Press, March, 1992, 93-99.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Processing, bottom-up and top-down. In S. C. Shapiro, Ed. Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence, Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1992, 1229-1234. (Reprint of First Edition version, 1987.)

• Stuart C. Shapiro, The Turing Test and The Economist, ACM SIGART Bulletin, 3, 4, October 1992, 10-11.

  1993
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Belief spaces as sets of propositions. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 5, 2&3 (April-September 1993), 225-235. (ps version.)

• Henry Hexmoor, Johan Lammens, and Stuart C. Shapiro. Embodiment in GLAIR: a grounded layered architecture with integrated reasoning for autonomous agents. In Douglas D. Dankel II and John Stewman, editors, Proceedings of The Sixth Florida AI Research Symposium (FLAIRS 93), pages 325-329. the Florida AI Research Society, April 1993.

• The DARPA Knowledge Sharing Initiative External Interfaces Working Group, with major contributions from Tim Finin, Jay Weber, Gio Wiederhold, Michael Genesereth, Richard Fritzson, Donald McKay, James McGuire, Richard Pelavin, Stuart Shapiro, and Chris Beck, Specification of the KQML Agent-Communication Language -- plus example agent policies and architectures, June 15, 1993.

• Henry Hexmoor, Johan Lammens, Guido Caicedo, and Stuart C. Shapiro. Behaviour based AI, cognitive processes, and emergent behaviors in autonomous agents. In G. Rzevski, J. Pastor, and R. Adey, Eds, Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering VIII, Vol. 2 Applications and Techniques, Computational Mechanics/Elsevier, 1993, 447-461.

• Syed S. Ali and Stuart C. Shapiro. Natural language processing using a propositional semantic network with structured variables. Minds and Machines, 3(4):421-451, November 1993.

• Henry H. Hexmoor, Johan M. Lammens, and Stuart C. Shapiro. An autonomous agent architecture for integrating ``unconscious'' and ``conscious'', reasoned behaviors, Proc. Computer Architectures for Machine Perception, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, 1993, 328-336.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Preface to Special Issue on Knowledge representation for natural language processing, Minds and Machines 3, 4 (November, 1993) 377-380.

  1994
  

• Deepak Kumar and Stuart C. Shapiro, The OK BDI Architecture. International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 3, 3 (March, 1994), 349-366.

• Hans Chalupsky and Stuart C. Shapiro, SL: A subjective, intensional logic of belief, Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, August 1994, 165-170.

  1995
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, SIGART section of "The Scope and Tutorial Needs of the ACM SIGs," ACM Computing Surveys 27, 1 (March 1995), 124-127.

• Stuart C. Shapiro and William J. Rapaport. An introduction to a computational reader of narratives. In Judith F. Duchan, Gail A. Bruder, and Lynne E. Hewitt, editors, Deixis in Narrative: A Cognitive Science Perspective, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Hillsdale, NJ, 1995, 79-105.

• William J. Rapaport and Stuart C. Shapiro. Cognition and fiction. In Judith F. Duchan, Gail A. Bruder, and Lynne E. Hewitt, editors, Deixis in Narrative: A Cognitive Science Perspective, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Hillsdale, NJ, 1995, 107-128.

• Albert Hanyong Yuhan and Stuart C. Shapiro. Computational representation of space. In Judith F. Duchan, Gail A. Bruder, and Lynne E. Hewitt, editors, Deixis in Narrative: A Cognitive Science Perspective, pages 191-225. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Hillsdale, NJ, 1995.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Review of T. C. Potts, Structures and Categories for the Representation of Meaning. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Computational Linguistics 21, 3 (September 1995), 427-428.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Computationalism. Minds and Machines 5, 4 (November 1995), 517-524.

• Johan M. Lammens, Henry H. Hexmoor, and Stuart C. Shapiro. Of elephants and men. In Luc Steels, editor, The Biology and Technology of Intelligent Autonomous Agents, pages 312-344. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1995.

  1996
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Formalizing English. International Journal of Expert Systems 9, 1 (1996), 151-171.

• Hans Chalupsky and Stuart C. Shapiro, Reasoning about incomplete agents, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on User Modeling (UM-96), User Modeling, Inc., 1996, 169-177.

  1997
  

• William J. Rapaport, Stuart C. Shapiro, & Janyce M. Wiebe, Quasi-Indexicals and Knowledge Reports. Cognitive Science 21, 1 (January-March, 1997), 63-107.

  1998
  

• Alistair E. Campbell and Stuart C. Shapiro, Algorithms for Ontological Mediation. In S. Harabagiu, Ed., Usage of WordNet in Natural Language Processing Systems: Proceedings of the Workshop, COLING-ACL, New Brunswick, NJ, 1998, 102-107. Also available as Technical Report 98-02, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, January 23, 1998.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, A Procedural Solution to the Unexpected Hanging and Sorites Paradoxes, Mind 107, 428 (October, 1998), 751-761. HTML Archival Abstract. PS Preprint Version. PDF Preprint Version.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Embodied Cassie, Cognitive Robotics: Papers from the 1998 AAAI Fall Symposium, Technical Report FS-98-02, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 1998, 136-143.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Belief Revision and Truth Maintenance Systems: An Overview and a Proposal Technical Report 98-10, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, December 31, 1998. (ps version)

  1999
  

• William J. Rapaport and Stuart C. Shapiro, Cognition and Fiction. In Ashwin Ram and Kenneth Moorman, Eds. Understanding Language Understanding: Computational Models of Reading, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1999, 11-25.

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Haythem O. Ismail, A SNePS Agent for Unexploded Ordnance Disposal: Progress Report, unpublished document, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, August 27, 1999, 15 pages.

• Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Says Who?---Incorporating Source Credibility Issues into Belief Revision, Technical Report 99-08, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, July 31, 1999. (ps version)

• Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Finding and Resolving Contradictions in a Battle Scenario, Technical Report 99-09, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, September 9, 1999. (ps version)

• Debra T. Burhans and Stuart C. Shapiro, Finding Hypothetical Answers with a Resolution Theorem Prover, Papers from the 1999 AAAI Fall Symposium on Question Answering Systems, Technical Report FS-99-02, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 1999, 32-38.

• Debra T. Burhans and Stuart C. Shapiro, Expanding the Notion of Answer in Rule-Based Systems, Technical Report 99-07, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, November 1999.

• Haythem O. Ismail and Stuart C. Shapiro, Cascaded Acts: Conscious Sequential Acting for Embodied Agents, Technical Report 99-10, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, November 1, 1999.

  2000
  

• Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Formalizing a Deductively Open Belief Space, Technical Report 2000-02, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, January 24, 2000. (ps version)

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Artificial Intelligence. In A. Ralston, E. D. Reilly and D. Hemmendinger, Eds. Encyclopedia of Computer Science, Fourth Edition, Grove's Dictionaries Inc., NY, 2000, 89-93.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Haythem O. Ismail, and John F. Santore, Our Dinner with Cassie, Working Notes for the AAAI 2000 Spring Symposium on Natural Dialogues with Practical Robotic Devices, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2000, 57-61.

• Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Implementing Integrity Constraints in an Existing Belief Revision System. In C. Baral & M. Truszczynski, Eds., Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Non-Monotonic Reasoning NMR2000, 2000, unpaginated, 8 pages.

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Frances L. Johnson, Automatic Belief Revision in SNePS. In C. Baral & M. Truszczynski, Eds., Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Non-Monotonic Reasoning NMR2000, 2000, unpaginated, 5 pages.

• Haythem O. Ismail and Stuart C. Shapiro, Two Problems with Reasoning and Acting in Time. In A. G. Cohn, F. Giunchiglia, & B. Selman, Eds., Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference (KR 2000), Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, 2000, 355-365.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, SNePS: A Logic for Natural Language Understanding and Commonsense Reasoning. In Lucja M. Iwanska & Stuart C. Shapiro, Eds., Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Representation: Language for Knowledge and Knowledge for Language, AAAI Press/The MIT Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2000, 175-195. (ps version)

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Propositional, First-Order And Higher-Order Logics: Basic Definitions, Rules of Inference, and Examples. In Lucja M. Iwanska & Stuart C. Shapiro, Eds., Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Representation: Language for Knowledge and Knowledge for Language, AAAI Press/The MIT Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2000, 379-395. (pdf version)

• Haythem O. Ismail and Stuart C. Shapiro, Conscious Error Recovery and Interrupt Handling. In H. R. Arabnia, Ed., Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IC-AI'2000), CSREA Press, Las Vegas, NV, 2000, 633-639.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, An Introduction to SNePS 3. In Bernhard Ganter & Guy W. Mineau, Eds. Conceptual Structures: Logical, Linguistic, and Computational Issues. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 1867. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2000, 510-524.

  2001
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Eyal Amir, Henrik Grosskreutz, David Randell, and Mikhail Soutchanski, Commonsense and Embodied Agents: A Panel Discussion, Common Sense 2001: The Fifth International Symposium on Logical Formalizations of Commonsense Reasoning, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY, May 20-22, 2001. (pdf version)

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Review of J. F. Sowa, Knowledge Representation: Logical, Philosophical, and Computational Foundations. Brooks/Cole, Pacific Grove, CA. Computational Linguistics 27, 2 (June 2001), 286-294.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Computer Science: The Study of Procedures, abstract of a position paper, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, June 18, 2001. ps version

• Haythem O. Ismail and Stuart C. Shapiro, The Cognitive Clock: A Formal Investigation of the Epistemology of Time, Technical Report 2001-08, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, July 26, 2001. (ps version)

• Debra T. Burhans and Stuart C. Shapiro Abduction and Question Answering, Antonis Kakas & Francesca Toni, Eds., Working Notes for the IJCAI 2001 Workshop on Abductive Reasoning, IJCAII & AAAI Press, Seattle, WA, August 4, 2001, 15-20.

• Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Redefining Belief Change Terminology for Implemented Systems, Leopoldo Bertossi & Jan Chomicki, Eds., Working Notes for the IJCAI 2001 Workshop on Inconsistency in Data and Knowledge, IJCAII & AAAI Press, Seattle, WA, August 6, 2001, 11-21. (ps version)

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Haythem O. Ismail, Symbol-Anchoring in Cassie, Silvia Coradeschi & Alessandro Saffioti, Eds., Anchoring Symbols to Sensor Data in Single and Multiple Robot Systems: Papers from the 2001 AAAI Fall Symposium, Technical Report FS-01-01, AAAI Press, 2001, 2-8. (ps version)

  2002
  

• John F. Santore and Stuart C. Shapiro, Identifying Perceptually Indistinguishable Objects: Is that the same one you saw before?, Chitta Baral & Sheila McIlraith, Eds., Cognitive Robotics (CogRob2002), Papers from the AAAI Workshop, Technical Report WS-02-05, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2002, 96-102.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Whose Norm?, review of Renée Elio, Ed., Common Sense, Reasoning and Rationality. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 2002. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 6, 11 (November 2002), 490. (preprint version)

  2003
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Knowledge Representation. In Lynn Nadel, Ed., Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science, Volume 2, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 2003, 671-680. (PS preprint version)

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Haythem O. Ismail, Anchoring in a Grounded Layered Architecture with Integrated Reasoning, Robotics and Autonomous Systems 43, 2-3 (May 2003), 97-108.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, MRS and SNePS: A Comparison, Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Center for Cognitive Science, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, July 22, 2003.

• John F. Santore and Stuart C. Shapiro, Crystal Cassie: Use of a 3-D Gaming Environment for a Cognitive Agent. In R. Sun, Ed., Papers of the IJCAI 2003 Workshop on Cognitive Modeling of Agents and Multi-Agent Interactions, IJCAII, Acapulco, Mexico, August 9, 2003, 84-91.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, FevahrCassie: A Description and Notes for Building FevahrCassie-Like Agents, SNeRG Technical Note 35, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State Universtiy of New York, Buffalo, NY, September 26, 2003.

• Josephine Anstey, Dave Pape, Stuart C. Shapiro, and Vikranth Rao, Virtual Drama with Intelligent Agents. In Hal Thwaites, Ed., Hybrid Reality: Art, Technology and the Human Factor, Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Virtual Systems and MultiMedia (VSMM 2003), International Society on Virtual Systems and MultiMedia, 2003, 521-528.

  2004
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Interests and Background Relevant to Self-Aware Computer Systems, a position statement for the DARPA Workshop on Self-Aware Computer Systems, Washington, DC, April 27-28, 2004.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, A Logic of Arbitrary and Indefinite Objects. In D. Dubois, C. Welty, & M. Williams, Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference (KR2004), AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2004, 565-575.

• John F. Santore and Stuart C. Shapiro, Identifying Perceptually Indistinguishable Objects. In Silvia Coradeschi & Alessandro Saffiotti, Eds., Anchoring Symbols to Sensor Data, Papers from the AAAI Workshop, Technical Report WS-04-03, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2004, 1-9.

• Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Knowledge State Reconsideration: Hindsight Belief Revision (student abstract), Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-04), AAAI Press/The MIT Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2004, 956-957.

• John F. Santore and Stuart C. Shapiro, Identifying an Object that is Perceptually Indistinguishable from one Previously Perceived (student abstract), Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-04), AAAI Press/The MIT Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2004, 968-969.

• Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Dependency-Directed Reconsideration. In K. Forbus, D. Gentner, & T. Reigier, Eds., Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci2004), Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc., Mahwah, NJ, 2005, p. 1573.

• Josephine Anstey, Dave Pape, Stuart C. Shapiro, Orkan Telhan and Trupti Devdas Nayak, Psycho-Drama in VR, Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computation Semiotics (COSIGN 2004), University of Split, Croatia, 2004, 5-13.

• John F. Santore and Stuart C. Shapiro, A Cognitive Robotics Approach to Identifying Perceptually Indistinguishable Objects. In Alan Schultz, Ed., The Intersection of Cognitive Science and Robotics: From Interfaces to Intelligence, Papers from the 2004 AAAI Fall Symposium, Technical Report FS-04-05, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2004, 47-54.

• Stuart C. Shapiro and The SNePS Implementation Group, SNePS 2.6.1 User's Manual, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, October 6, 2004. (ps version)

  2005
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Josephine Anstey, David E. Pape, Trupti Devdas Nayak, Michael Kandefer, Orkan Telhan, MGLAIR Agents in a Virtual Reality Drama, Technical Report 2005-08, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, March 30, 2005.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Josephine Anstey, David E. Pape, Trupti Devdas Nayak, Michael Kandefer, & Orkan Telhan, The Trial The Trail, Act 3: A Virtual Reality Drama Using Intelligent Agents. In R. Michael Young & John Laird, Eds., Proceedings of the First Annual Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE-05), AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2005, 157-158.

• Frances L Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Dependency-Directed Reconsideration: Belief Base Optimization for Truth Maintenance Systems, Proceedings of the Twentieth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-05), AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2005, 313-320.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Josephine Anstey, David E. Pape, Trupti Devdas Nayak, Michael Kandefer, & Orkan Telhan, MGLAIR Agents in Virtual and other Graphical Environments, Proceedings of the Twentieth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-05), AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2005, 1704-1705.

• Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Improving Recovery for Belief Bases. In Leora Morgenstern and Maurice Pagnucco, Eds., IJCAI-05 Workshop on Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Action, and Change (NRAC'05): Working Notes, IJCAII, Edinburgh, 2005, 65-70.

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Michael Kandefer, A SNePS Approach to The Wumpus World Agent or Cassie Meets the Wumpus. In Leora Morgenstern and Maurice Pagnucco, Eds., IJCAI-05 Workshop on Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Action, and Change (NRAC'05): Working Notes, IJCAII, Edinburgh, 2005, 96-103.

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Conditional SNeRE Policies, SNeRG Technical Note 39, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State Universtiy of New York, Buffalo, NY, December 15, 2005.

  2006
  

• Albert Goldfain, Michael W. Kandefer, Stuart C. Shapiro, and Josephine Anstey, Co-Designing Agents, Proceedings of the North East Student Colloquium on Artificial Intelligence (NESCAI '06), Cornell U., Ithaca, NY, 2006, 142-148. (Superseded by CogRob2006 paper listed below.)

• Albert Goldfain, Michael W. Kandefer, Stuart C. Shapiro, and Josephine Anstey, Co-Designing Agents. In Michael Beetz, Kanna Rajan, Michael Thielscher, and Radu Bogday Rusu, Eds., Cognitive Robotics: Papers from the AAAI Workshop (CogRob2006) Technical Report WS-06-03, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2006, 77-82. (Revised version of NESCAI'06 paper listed above.)

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Natural-Language-Competent Robots, IEEE Intelligent Systems 21, 4 (July/August 2006), 76-77.

• Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Base Belief Change and Optimized Recovery. In Loris Penserini, Pavlos Peppas, and Anna Perini, Eds., STAIRS 2006: Proceedings of the Third Starting AI Researchers' Symposium, Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, vol. 142, IOS Press, Amsterdam, 2006, 162-173.

• Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro, Reconsideration on Non-Linear Base Orderings. In Loris Penserini, Pavlos Peppas, and Anna Perini, Eds., STAIRS 2006: Proceedings of the Third Starting AI Researchers' Symposium, Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, vol. 142, IOS Press, Amsterdam, 2006, 261-262.

• Miguel E. Ruiz, Stuart Shapiro, June Abbas, Silvia B. Southwick, & David Mark, UB at GeoCLEF 2006, Working Notes for the CLEF 2006 Workshop, Alicante, Spain, September 20-22, 2006.

  2007
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Shane Axtell, Natural Language Tools for Information Extraction for Soft Target Exploitation and Fusion, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, February 2, 2007.

• Debra T. Burhans and Stuart C. Shapiro, Defining Answer Classes Using Resolution Refutation, Journal of Applied Logic 5, 1 (March 2007), 70-91. doi:10.1016/j.jal.2005.12.004

• Stuart C. Shapiro, William J. Rapaport, Michael Kandefer, Frances L. Johnson, and Albert Goldfain, Metacognition in SNePS, AI Magazine 28, 1 (Spring 2007), 17-31.

• Michael Kandefer and Stuart C. Shapiro, Knowledge Acquisition by an Intelligent Acting Agent. In Eyal Amir, Vladimir Lifschitz, and Rob Miller, Eds., Logical Formalizations of Commonsense Reasoning, Papers from the AAAI Spring Symposium Technical Report SS-07-05, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2007, 77-82.

• Michael Kandefer, Stuart Shapiro, Adam Stotz, and Moises Sudit, Symbolic Reasoning in the Cyber Security Domain, Proceedings of MSS 2007 National Symposium on Sensor and Data Fusion McLean, VA, June 2007.

• Josephine Anstey, Sarah Bay-Cheng, Dave Pape, and Stuart C. Shapiro, Human trials: an experiment in intermedia performance, ACM Computers in Entertainment 5, 3, Article 4 (November 2007), 17 pages. DOI = 10.1145/1316511.1316515 http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1316511.1316515

  2008
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro and The SNePS Implementation Group, SNePS 2.7 User's Manual, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, February 11, 2008.

• Michael Kandefer and Stuart C. Shapiro, Comparing SNePS with Topbraid/Pellet, SNeRG Technical Note 42, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, July 18, 2008.

• A. Patrice Seyed, Michael Kandefer, and Stuart C. Shapiro, SNePS Efficiency Report, SNeRG Technical Note 43, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, July 18, 2008.

• Michael Kandefer, A. Patrice Seyed, and Stuart C. Shapiro, The Use of SNePS for Cyber Security Reasoning, SNeRG Technical Note 44, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, July 18, 2008.

• Michael Kandefer and Stuart C. Shapiro, A Categorization of Contextual Constraints. In Alexei Samsonovich, Ed., Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures: Papers from the AAAI Fall Symposium, Technical Report FS-08-04, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2008, 88-93.

  2009
  

• Jonathan Bona and Stuart C. Shapiro, Report on SNePS and RTS, SNeRG Technical Note 45, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, February 27, 2009.

• Michael Kandefer and Stuart C. Shapiro, An F-Measure for Context-Based Information Retrieval. In Gerhard Lakemeyer, Leora Morgenstern, and Mary-Anne Williams, Eds., Commonsense 2009: Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Logical Formalizations of Commonsense Reasoning, The Fields Institute, Toronto, CA, 2009, 79-84.

• Jonathan Bona and Stuart C. Shapiro, SNePS As An Ontological Reasoning Tool. In Barry Smith, Ed., Proceedings of the International Conference on Biomedical Ontologies (ICBO), Buffalo, NY, 2009, 160.

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Jonathan P. Bona, The GLAIR Cognitive Architecture. In Alexei Samsonovich, Ed., Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures-II: Papers from the AAAI Fall Symposium, Technical Report FS-09-01, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2009, 141-152.

• Josephine Anstey, A. Patrice Seyed, Sarah Bay-Cheng, Dave Pape, Stuart C. Shapiro, Jonathan Bona, and Stephen Hibit The Agent Takes The Stage, International Journal of Arts and Technology (IJART) 2, 4 (2009), 277-296. DOI: 10.1504/IJART.2009.029236.

  2010
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, Set-Oriented Logical Connectives: Syntax and Semantics. In Fangzhen Lin, Ulrike Sattler, & Miroslaw Truszczynski, Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on the Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR2010), AAAI Press, 2010, 593-595. (Poster)

• Juan Gómez-Romero, Jesús Garcia, Michael Kandefer, James Llinas, Jose Manuel Molina, Miguel Angel Patricio, Michael Prentice, & Stuart C. Shapiro, Strategies and Techniques for Use and Exploitation of Contextual Information in High-Level Fusion Architectures, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion2010), 2010, TH1.7.3, 8 pages, unpaginated.

• Michael Prentice, Michael Kandefer, & Stuart C. Shapiro, Tractor: A Framework for Soft Information Fusion, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion2010), 2010, Th3.2.2, 8 pages, unpaginated.

• Stuart C. Shapiro and Jonathan P. Bona, The GLAIR Cognitive Architecture, International Journal of Machine Consciousness 2,, 2 (2010), 307-332. DOI: 10.1142/S1793843010000515

• Stuart C. Shapiro and The SNePS Implementation Group, SNePS 2.7.1 User's Manual, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, September 3, 2010.

  2011
  

• Stuart C. Shapiro, The Jobs Puzzle: A Challenge for Logical Expressibility and Automated Reasoning. In Ernest Davis, Patrick Doherty, and Esra Erdem, Eds., Logical Formalizations of Commonsense Reasoning: Papers from the AAAI Spring Symposium, Technical Report SS-11-06, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2011, 96-102. (version with appendix)

• Jonathan P. Bona and Stuart C. Shapiro, Creating SNePS/Greenfoot Agents and Worlds, SNeRG Technical Note 46, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, May 3, 20011.

• Michael Kandefer and Stuart C. Shapiro, Evaluating Spreading Activation for Soft Information Fusion, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion 2011), 2011, 498-505.

• Michael Prentice and Stuart C. Shapiro, Using Propositional Graphs for Soft Information Fusion, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion 2011), 2011, 522-528.

• Daniel R. Schlegel and Stuart C. Shapiro, Visually Interacting with a Knowledge Base Using Frames, Logic, and Propositional Graphs. In M. Croitoru, J. Howse, S. Rudolph, and N. Wilson, Eds., Second International IJCAI Workshop on Graph Structures for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (GKR 2011) , Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 2011, 56-62.

• Ari I. Fogel and Stuart C. Shapiro, On the Use of Epistemic Ordering Functions as Decision Criteria for Automated and Assisted Belief Revision in SNePS: (Preliminary Report). In Sebastian Sardina and Stavros Vassos, Eds., Proceedings of the Ninth International Workshop on Non-Monotonic Reasoning, Action, and Change (NRAC'11), Technical Report RMIT-TR-11-02, School of Computer Science and Information Technology, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia, July, 2011, 31-38.

• A. Patrice Seyed and Stuart C. Shapiro, Applying Rigidity to Standardizing OBO Foundry Candidate Ontologies, Proceedings of the International Conference on Biomedical Ontologies (ICBO), Buffalo NY, July 26-30, 2011, 175-181.

  Forthcoming
  

• Sam S. Adams, Itamar Arel, Joscha Bach, Robert Coop, Rod Furlan, Ben Goertzel, J. Storrs Hall, Alexei Samsonovich, Matthias Scheutz, Matthew Schlesinger, Stuart C. Shapiro, and John Sowa, Mapping the Landscape of Human-Level Artificial General Intelligence, AI Magazine, accepted.

• Daniel R. Schlegel and Stuart C. Shapiro, Visually Interacting with a Knowledge Base Using Frames, Logic, and Propositional Graphs. In M. Croitoru, J. Howse, S. Rudolph, and N. Wilson, Eds., Graph Structures for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence , Springer-Verlag, Berlin, in press.